50 MCQ questions on Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering for JKSSB JE CIVIL SSC JE RRB JE Civil engineer

 50 MCQ questions on Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering



Soil Types & Classification

  1. The soil which contains a high proportion of silt and clay is called:

    • a) Gravel

    • b) Loam

    • c) Cohesive soil

    • d) Sandy soil
      Ans: c

  2. The grain size of clay is:

    • a) More than 4.75 mm

    • b) 0.075 – 4.75 mm

    • c) 0.002 – 0.075 mm

    • d) Less than 0.002 mm
      Ans: d

  3. Which method is used for particle size distribution in fine-grained soils?

    • a) Sieve analysis

    • b) Hydrometer analysis

    • c) Casagrande method

    • d) Atterberg limits
      Ans: b

  4. Which of the following is not a soil classification system?

    • a) Unified Soil Classification System

    • b) Indian Standard Soil Classification System

    • c) Highway Research Board System

    • d) Harvard Classification
      Ans: d

  5. Plasticity Index is given by:

    • a) LL – PL

    • b) PL – LL

    • c) SL – PL

    • d) LL + PL
      Ans: a

  6. A soil is called highly plastic if its PI is:

    • a) < 7%

    • b) 7%–17%

    • c) > 17%

    • d) 0%
      Ans: c

  7. Liquidity index (LI) is used to express:

    • a) Consistency of liquid

    • b) Water content

    • c) Relative consistency of cohesive soil

    • d) Specific gravity
      Ans: c

  8. Which of the following is a clay mineral?

    • a) Feldspar

    • b) Illite

    • c) Quartz

    • d) Calcite
      Ans: b

  9. The term “bulking of sand” refers to:

    • a) Increase in volume due to compaction

    • b) Decrease in volume due to moisture

    • c) Increase in volume due to moisture

    • d) None
      Ans: c

  10. Highly compressible clay is represented by:

  • a) CH

  • b) CL

  • c) ML

  • d) MH
    Ans: a


2. Permeability & Seepage

  1. Permeability depends on:

  • a) Soil type

  • b) Void ratio

  • c) Degree of saturation

  • d) All of the above
    Ans: d

  1. Darcy’s law is valid for:

  • a) Laminar flow

  • b) Turbulent flow

  • c) Both

  • d) None
    Ans: a

  1. Unit of permeability is:

  • a) m/s

  • b) m³/s

  • c) m²/s

  • d) m
    Ans: a

  1. Coefficient of permeability is more for:

  • a) Clay

  • b) Silt

  • c) Gravel

  • d) Loam
    Ans: c

  1. Seepage pressure is:

  • a) Effective stress

  • b) Pore pressure

  • c) Water pressure

  • d) Pressure exerted by seepage
    Ans: d

  1. Flow net consists of:

  • a) Equipotential lines and streamlines

  • b) Isobars and contours

  • c) Only streamlines

  • d) None
    Ans: a

  1. In isotropic soil, flow net forms:

  • a) Squares

  • b) Rectangles

  • c) Parabolas

  • d) Circles
    Ans: a

  1. For stratified soils, equivalent permeability in vertical direction is:

  • a) Arithmetic mean

  • b) Geometric mean

  • c) Harmonic mean

  • d) Weighted mean
    Ans: c

  1. Quick sand condition is achieved when:

  • a) Effective stress becomes zero

  • b) Total stress is zero

  • c) Permeability is high

  • d) Soil is dry
    Ans: a

  1. Seepage force acts in:

  • a) Upward direction

  • b) Downward direction

  • c) Perpendicular to flow

  • d) Horizontal only
    Ans: a


3. Compaction

  1. Compaction is the process of:

  • a) Increasing water content

  • b) Reducing voids

  • c) Increasing particle size

  • d) None
    Ans: b

  1. Standard Proctor Test is used to determine:

  • a) Liquid limit

  • b) Field density

  • c) OMC & MDD

  • d) Permeability
    Ans: c

  1. Optimum moisture content is the moisture at:

  • a) Max dry density

  • b) Min void ratio

  • c) Min dry density

  • d) Max permeability
    Ans: a

  1. Dry density increases with:

  • a) Decrease in compaction

  • b) Increase in water content (up to OMC)

  • c) Decrease in water content

  • d) None
    Ans: b

  1. Zero air void line represents:

  • a) Maximum density

  • b) Fully saturated condition

  • c) No water

  • d) Air dry soil
    Ans: b

  1. Compactive effort in Modified Proctor Test is:

  • a) Less than Standard

  • b) More than Standard

  • c) Equal

  • d) None
    Ans: b

  1. Compaction increases:

  • a) Shear strength

  • b) Permeability

  • c) Compressibility

  • d) All
    Ans: a

  1. Field compaction is measured by:

  • a) Proctor test

  • b) Plate load test

  • c) Core cutter & sand replacement

  • d) Vane shear test
    Ans: c

  1. For clayey soils, best compaction is achieved using:

  • a) Smooth roller

  • b) Pneumatic roller

  • c) Sheep foot roller

  • d) Vibratory roller
    Ans: c

  1. Relative compaction is:

  • a) Field/Max density × 100

  • b) Min/Max density

  • c) Field/Moisture content

  • d) OMC/Field density
    Ans: a


4. Bearing Capacity

  1. Ultimate bearing capacity is:

  • a) Max pressure soil can withstand

  • b) Pressure at failure

  • c) Safe load

  • d) a & b
    Ans: d

  1. Safe bearing capacity is:

  • a) Ultimate load divided by FOS

  • b) Total load

  • c) Allowable load

  • d) None
    Ans: a

  1. Terzaghi’s bearing capacity theory is for:

  • a) Square footing

  • b) Strip footing

  • c) Circular footing

  • d) Raft footing
    Ans: b

  1. Bearing capacity increases with:

  • a) Water table rise

  • b) Larger footing width

  • c) Loose soil

  • d) Over consolidation
    Ans: b

  1. Bearing capacity of sandy soil is governed by:

  • a) Cohesion

  • b) Internal friction

  • c) Water table

  • d) Surcharge
    Ans: b

  1. Factor of safety in bearing capacity is usually:

  • a) 1.0

  • b) 1.5

  • c) 2.5–3

  • d) 10
    Ans: c

  1. Gross bearing capacity includes:

  • a) Self-weight

  • b) Weight of footing

  • c) Overburden pressure

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. Effect of water table near footing is:

  • a) Increase in bearing capacity

  • b) Decrease in bearing capacity

  • c) No effect

  • d) Depends on soil
    Ans: b

  1. In saturated clay, bearing capacity is determined by:

  • a) Terzaghi's formula

  • b) Unconfined compression test

  • c) SPT

  • d) None
    Ans: b

  1. For shallow foundations, depth of foundation is usually:

  • a) < width

  • b) > width

  • c) Equal to width

  • d) 1.5× width
    Ans: a


5. Earth Pressure Theories

  1. Rankine’s theory assumes:

  • a) Wall is frictionless

  • b) Backfill is dry

  • c) Back of wall is vertical

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. Earth pressure at rest occurs when:

  • a) Wall moves away

  • b) Wall moves toward backfill

  • c) No movement

  • d) Wall is inclined
    Ans: c

  1. Active earth pressure is:

  • a) More than passive

  • b) Less than passive

  • c) Equal

  • d) Zero
    Ans: b

  1. Earth pressure increases with:

  • a) Height of wall

  • b) Surcharge

  • c) Unit weight of soil

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. Coefficient of active earth pressure for cohesionless soil:

  • a) (1+sin φ)/(1−sin φ)

  • b) (1−sin φ)/(1+sin φ)

  • c) tan²(45°+φ/2)

  • d) None
    Ans: b


6. Types of Foundations

  1. Raft foundation is preferred when:

  • a) Soil has low bearing capacity

  • b) Heavy column loads

  • c) Differential settlement is to be avoided

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. Shallow foundation is used when:

  • a) Soil near surface is strong

  • b) Load is light

  • c) Depth < width

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. Pile foundations are used when:

  • a) Hard strata is deep

  • b) Heavy loads

  • c) Marshy area

  • d) All
    Ans: d

  1. End bearing piles transfer load through:

  • a) Skin friction

  • b) Point resistance

  • c) Both

  • d) None
    Ans: b

  1. Caisson is a type of:

  • a) Shallow foundation

  • b) Well foundation

  • c) Pile

  • d) None
    Ans: b


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