Post-1947 History of Jammu and Kashmir – Key Political Leadership
🗓️ Background After 1947:
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October 26, 1947: Maharaja Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession to join India.
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Post-accession, Jammu & Kashmir got special status under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution.
👑 Maharaja of Jammu & Kashmir (till 1952):
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Maharaja Hari Singh (until 1949): Last Dogra ruler.
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In 1949, he handed power to his son Yuvraj Karan Singh.
🧑⚖️ First Head of State: Sadr-e-Riyasat (President of J&K)
(1952–1965 – unique to J&K due to Article 370)
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✅ First Sadr-e-Riyasat: Dr. Karan Singh
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🗓️ Term: 17 Nov 1952 – 30 Mar 1965
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He replaced the Maharaja as the Constitutional Head.
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👨⚖️ First Governor of Jammu & Kashmir
(Title changed from Sadr-e-Riyasat in 1965)
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✅ Dr. Karan Singh
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🗓️ Term as Governor: 30 March 1965 – 15 May 1967
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After constitutional amendments, J&K adopted the post of Governor.
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🧑⚖️ Prime Ministers of Jammu & Kashmir (till 1965):
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✅ First Prime Minister of J&K: Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
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🗓️ Term: 5 March 1948 – 9 August 1953
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Dismissed and arrested in 1953.
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✅ Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
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PM: 9 August 1953 – 12 October 1963
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Continued integration with India.
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✅ Khwaja Shamsuddin
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PM: 12 Oct 1963 – 29 Feb 1964
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✅ Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
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PM: 29 Feb 1964 – 30 Mar 1965
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Later became first Chief Minister in 1965.
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🧑💼 Chief Ministers of Jammu & Kashmir (Post-1965):
| Chief Minister | Term | Party |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ G.M. Sadiq | 30 Mar 1965 – 21 Dec 1971 | Congress |
| ✅ Syed Mir Qasim | 21 Dec 1971 – 25 Feb 1975 | Congress |
| ✅ Sheikh Abdullah | 25 Feb 1975 – 8 Sep 1982 | National Conference |
| ✅ Farooq Abdullah | 8 Sep 1982 – 1984 (multiple terms) | National Conference |
| ✅ Ghulam Nabi Azad | 2005 – 2008 | Congress |
| ✅ Mehbooba Mufti | 2016 – 2018 | PDP (First woman CM) |
🧑✈️ Lieutenant Governors of Jammu & Kashmir (Post 2019):
(After J&K became a Union Territory on 31 October 2019)
| Lt. Governor | Term |
|---|---|
| ✅ Girish Chandra Murmu | 31 Oct 2019 – 6 Aug 2020 |
| ✅ Manoj Sinha | 7 Aug 2020 – Incumbent |
🔑 Important Constitutional Changes:
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1952: Sadr-e-Riyasat replaced the Maharaja.
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1965: PM post changed to Chief Minister, Sadr-e-Riyasat to Governor.
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5 August 2019: Article 370 and 35A abrogated.
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31 October 2019: Jammu & Kashmir became a Union Territory with a Lieutenant Governor.
📌 Quick One-Liners for MCQ Practice:
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First PM of J&K: Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
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First Sadr-e-Riyasat: Dr. Karan Singh
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First Governor: Dr. Karan Singh
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First CM of J&K: G.M. Sadiq
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First Woman CM: Mehbooba Mufti
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First Lt. Governor of UT J&K: G.C. Murmu
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Current Lt. Governor: Manoj Sinha
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Article 370 Abrogated: 5 August 2019
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UT Status Implemented: 31 October 2019
📚 Suggested Practice MCQs:
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Who was the first Prime Minister of Jammu & Kashmir?
a) Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
b) Sheikh Abdullah ✅
c) G.M. Sadiq
d) Syed Mir Qasim -
Who was the first Sadr-e-Riyasat of J&K?
a) Maharaja Hari Singh
b) Karan Singh ✅
c) G.M. Sadiq
d) None -
The position of Sadr-e-Riyasat was replaced by Governor in which year?
a) 1952
b) 1965 ✅
c) 1971
d) 2019 -
Who is the present Lt. Governor of J&K?
a) G.C. Murmu
b) Manoj Sinha ✅
c) Satya Pal Malik
d) Rajnath Singh -
When was Jammu and Kashmir officially converted into a Union Territory?
a) 5 Aug 2019
b) 31 Oct 2019 ✅
c) 26 Jan 2020
d) 15 Aug 2019
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Confusion:
Mehr Chand Mahajan was the first Prime Minister of Jammu & Kashmir (1947–1948)
📌 Timeline:
🔹 Mehr Chand Mahajan
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🗓️ Term: 15 October 1947 – 5 March 1948
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👤 Appointed by: Maharaja Hari Singh
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✅ Role: He served as the first Prime Minister after the accession to India and before Sheikh Abdullah.
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💡 Background: He was a Judge of the Supreme Court of India, later became Chief Justice of India.
🔹 Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
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🗓️ Term: 5 March 1948 – 9 August 1953
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👤 Appointed as: Head of Emergency Administration (1947) and then became Prime Minister after Mahajan.
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✅ He was the first popular/people's leader PM of J&K.
📝 Final Clarity for Exams:
| Leader | Designation | Term |
|---|---|---|
| Mehr Chand Mahajan | First Prime Minister (appointed by Maharaja) | Oct 1947 – Mar 1948 ✅ |
| Sheikh Abdullah | Second PM, First popular leader | Mar 1948 – Aug 1953 ✅ |
✅ MCQ Practice:
Q: Who was the first Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir after 1947?
a) Sheikh Abdullah
b) Mehr Chand Mahajan ✅
c) Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
d) Karan Singh