Directions - Read the short passage below and answer the questions that follow.
One of the deadliest diseases of the human body is cancer caused by out-of-control cell growth. The abnormal cells -carcinogen - divide and multiply and make tumours. These cells can spread throughout the body slowly destroying the person's good cells and tissues, which causes the person to become sick with the disease. There are several diseases which are called cancer, and some are treatable and curable, though others are much more dangerous and can result in death. Approximately 40% of all humans will be diagnosed with some type of cancer during their lifetimes. When cancer starts, it begins when the genes in a cell that controls cell growth are somehow changed or dangerously mutated. Many of these mutations must occur in the cells of a person's body before it becomes cancerous. Often the cell can regulate itself and get rid of the mutation, killing off the bad cell. However, if it cannot rid itself of the mutation, the cells will grow uncontrollably. There are more than 200 types of cancer. Most often, a cancer is named after the location in the body where the cancer first began. For example, if it begins in the lungs, it is called lung cancer, which is mostly caused by smoking. Within each location are different names of cancers as well. Other common forms of cancer include breast cancer which is more common in women than in men. This forms in the tubes and glands that carry and make milk. Colon cancer is a cancer in the large intestine where the colon is located. Leukaemia is a type of cancer that is related to the flood, and begins in the bone marrow where blood is produced. Each type of cancer has its own symptoms, but common ones include a sore that does not heal, difficulty in swallowing or having upset stomachs often, unusual bleeding, thick lumps or growths and others. Cancer can be treated and cured through surgery; chemotherapy, which is the use of chemicals to kill the cancerous cells, but some good cells can be killed as well during the treatment; or radiation, which uses high-energy waves to kill the cancer cells. A combination of the treatments must also be used by an oncologist, a doctor who specializes in treating cancer. Several things can help lower the risk of getting cancer including not smoking or using tobacco, eating healthy, exercising and maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding getting a sunburn, and seeing a doctor for regular check- ups. To cap it all, being immunised can help if a cancer is detected in its early stages.
Which cancer affects more of women than of men?
(A) breast cancer (Correct Answer)
(B) lung cancer
(C) colon cancer
(D) a combination of minimum 2 types
__________ is the cancer causing substance.
(A) mutation
(B) chemotherapy
(C) uncontrollable cells
(D) carcinogen (Correct Answer)
What begins in the bone marrow?
(A) Radiation
(B) Mutation
(C) Gene
(D) Leukaemia (Correct Answer)
How are all types of cancer get their names?
(A) based on the location of the body (Correct Answer)
(B) through radiation
(C) through chemotherapy
(D) through medical dictionary
Choose the correct word for the highlighted word ‘mutations’.
(A) changes (Correct Answer)
(B) blood cells
(C) locations
(D) cancer cells