Climate of India
India has a diverse climate due to its vast geographical size and varying topography. The country experiences six major climate types, namely tropical monsoon, tropical semi-arid, tropical wet and dry, arid, humid subtropical, and alpine.
Tropical Monsoon Climate: This climate is predominant in most parts of India, particularly in the coastal regions and the northeastern states. It is characterized by high temperatures, heavy rainfall, and distinct wet and dry seasons.
Tropical Semi-Arid Climate: This climate is found in regions such as Rajasthan, Gujarat, and parts of Punjab. It features hot summers, mild winters, and scanty rainfall.
Tropical Wet and Dry Climate: This climate is observed in some parts of central India, including Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. It has hot summers, cool winters, and a pronounced dry season.
Arid Climate: The Thar Desert in Rajasthan experiences an arid climate. It is characterized by extremely hot temperatures, low rainfall, and arid conditions.
Humid Subtropical Climate: Parts of northern India, including Delhi, experience a humid subtropical climate. It features hot summers, cool winters, and moderate to heavy rainfall.
Alpine Climate: The Himalayan regions in the northern part of India have an alpine climate. It is characterized by cold winters, mild summers, and heavy snowfall in higher elevations.
India also experiences significant regional variations in climate due to factors such as the Himalayan mountain range, the influence of the Indian Ocean, and the southwest and northeast monsoons. The southwest monsoon, which occurs from June to September, is responsible for the majority of India's rainfall and is vital for agriculture.
It's important to note that the climate patterns in India can vary from year to year and are subject to natural variations and climate change effects.