Basic Applications of Computer and its components notes for jkssb naib TEHSILDAR exam

 

Basic Applications of Computer

✅ 1. Definition

A computer is an electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data quickly and efficiently.

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✅ 2. Common Applications of Computers

Area	Application Examples
Education	E-learning, virtual classrooms, tutorials
Business	Accounting, payroll, emails, communication
Healthcare	Patient records, diagnostics, surgery robots
Banking	ATMs, online banking, transaction management
Communication	Email, chat, video conferencing
Entertainment	Games, movies, music, graphics design
Government	E-Governance, public records, surveillance
Defense	Weapons control, simulations, strategy maps
Transportation	GPS, ticket booking, traffic control

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✅ 3. Advantages of Using Computers

• Speed and accuracy

• Large storage

• Automation

• Communication efficiency

• Multitasking

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🧩 Computer Components

🔹 1. Hardware

Physical parts of a computer you can touch.

Examples:

• Input devices (keyboard, mouse, scanner)

• Output devices (monitor, printer, speaker)

• Storage devices (Hard Disk, Pen Drive)

• CPU (Central Processing Unit)

🔹 2. Software

Programs and operating systems that run on hardware.

Types:

• System software: OS like Windows, Linux

• Application software: MS Office, Photoshop

🔹 3. Input Devices

Devices used to enter data.

Examples:

• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Microphone

• Scanner

🔹 4. Output Devices

Devices that show output to users.

Examples:

• Monitor

• Printer

• Speakers

🔹 5. Storage Devices

Devices to store data.

Types:

• Primary: RAM, ROM

• Secondary: Hard disk, SSD, CD/DVD

🔹 6. CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The brain of the computer.

Parts:

• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations

• CU (Control Unit): Manages operations

• Memory Unit: Stores data temporarily

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📌 Important Points

• Computer = Hardware + Software

• CPU = Brain of computer

• RAM = Temporary memory (volatile)

• ROM = Permanent memory (non-volatile)

• Input → Processing → Output

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❓ MCQ Questions with Answers

🧠 Basics of Applications of Computers

1. Which of the following is not an application of computers?
   A) Weather forecasting
   B) Singing songs
   C) Online banking
   D) E-learning
   ✅ Answer: B) Singing songs

2. Computers are used in banks for:
   A) Printing books
   B) Performing surgeries
   C) Managing transactions
   D) Road construction
   ✅ Answer: C) Managing transactions

3. Which of the following areas use computers for simulation and strategy?
   A) Defense
   B) Cooking
   C) Sports
   D) Agriculture
   ✅ Answer: A) Defense

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🧠 Computer Components MCQs

4. The brain of any computer system is:
   A) RAM
   B) Hard Disk
   C) CPU
   D) Monitor
   ✅ Answer: C) CPU

5. Which of the following is an input device?
   A) Monitor
   B) Mouse
   C) Speaker
   D) Printer
   ✅ Answer: B) Mouse

6. What is the function of ALU in CPU?
   A) Display images
   B) Store files
   C) Perform calculations
   D) Play music
   ✅ Answer: C) Perform calculations

7. What type of memory is ROM?
   A) Temporary
   B) Permanent
   C) Volatile
   D) Cache
   ✅ Answer: B) Permanent

8. Which device is used to output information on paper?
   A) Monitor
   B) Printer
   C) Scanner
   D) Mouse
   ✅ Answer: B) Printer