Processor (CPU) – Notes for Exams
🔹 Definition:
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer that performs all arithmetic and logical operations. It processes instructions from programs and manages data flow in the computer.
🧠 Types of Processors
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Single-core | One core; can run one task at a time. |
| Dual-core | Two cores; can handle multitasking better than single-core. |
| Quad-core | Four cores; more powerful, supports heavy applications. |
| Octa-core | Eight cores; found in high-end devices. |
| Multi-core | General term for CPUs with multiple cores. |
| x86 Processor | 32-bit processor architecture. |
| x64 Processor | 64-bit processor architecture. |
| RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) | Simplified instruction set; faster execution. |
| CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) | Complex instructions; fewer lines of code. |
| GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) | Specialized for rendering images and videos. |
📌 Important Points for Exam
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CPU = CU (Control Unit) + ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) + Registers
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Registers store temporary data for quick access.
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Clock speed is measured in GHz (Gigahertz); determines how fast the CPU executes instructions.
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Cache memory is a small high-speed memory inside CPU.
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Modern CPUs have multiple cores for parallel processing.
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Intel and AMD are leading CPU manufacturers.
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Processor socket type must match the motherboard.
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Hyper-threading allows a single core to execute multiple threads.
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ARM processors are mostly used in smartphones and tablets.
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RISC vs CISC is a common theoretical MCQ topic.
📘 Frequently Asked MCQs with Answers
🔹 1. CPU is also called:
A) Monitor
B) Brain of Computer
C) Keyboard
D) Memory
✅ Answer: B
🔹 2. Which of the following is part of CPU?
A) ALU
B) CU
C) Registers
D) All of the above
✅ Answer: D
🔹 3. Which company manufactures processors?
A) Microsoft
B) Intel
C) Google
D) Apple
✅ Answer: B
🔹 4. What is the full form of ALU?
A) Arithmetic Logic Unit
B) Analog Logic Unit
C) Application Logic Unit
D) None of the above
✅ Answer: A
🔹 5. Which processor is more efficient in mobile phones?
A) CISC
B) RISC
C) GPU
D) None
✅ Answer: B
🔹 6. What does multi-core mean?
A) One processor with multiple fans
B) Processor with multiple cores inside
C) Processor with multiple wires
D) None of the above
✅ Answer: B
🔹 7. Clock speed of a processor is measured in:
A) MB
B) GHz
C) MBps
D) Volts
✅ Answer: B
🔹 8. ARM processor is mostly used in:
A) Desktops
B) Supercomputers
C) Mobile devices
D) Servers
✅ Answer: C
🔹 9. Hyper-threading technology is developed by:
A) AMD
B) Apple
C) Intel
D) Microsoft
✅ Answer: C
🔹 10. Which of the following is NOT a processor brand?
A) Ryzen
B) Snapdragon
C) Radeon
D) Pentium
✅ Answer: C (Radeon is a GPU, not a CPU)
H-Series Processor – Explained for Exams (Intel & AMD)
The H-Series processors are high-performance CPUs commonly used in laptops and gaming systems. They are powerful and optimized for heavy tasks like gaming, video editing, 3D rendering, etc.
🧠 What is H-Series Processor?
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"H" stands for "High Performance Graphics" or "High power".
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Used in laptops (not desktops).
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Offers desktop-like performance in portable machines.
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Designed for gamers, content creators, and professionals.
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Typically has higher TDP (Thermal Design Power), meaning more heat and higher power usage than U-series.
⚙️ Types of H-Series CPUs
🔹 Intel H-Series (Core i5/i7/i9 - H)
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Example | Intel Core i7-11800H |
| Cores/Threads | 6 to 16 threads |
| Clock Speed | 2.3 GHz – 5.0 GHz (Turbo) |
| Use Case | Gaming laptops, content creation |
| Generation | Found in 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th Gen CPUs |
| Graphics | Integrated (Intel Iris Xe or UHD) or paired with NVIDIA/AMD GPU |
🔹 AMD H-Series (Ryzen 5/7/9 - H)
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Example | Ryzen 7 5800H |
| Cores/Threads | 8 cores / 16 threads |
| Clock Speed | 3.2 GHz – 4.4 GHz |
| Use Case | High-end performance laptops |
| Graphics | Often paired with Radeon GPU or discrete NVIDIA GPU |
📌 Important Points for Exam
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H-series processors are more powerful than U-series (which are battery efficient).
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Used in high-end laptops, not desktops.
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Suitable for gaming, software development, multimedia editing.
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More power-consuming than P/Y/U series.
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Intel uses suffix "H", while AMD also uses it for high-performance models.
✅ MCQs on H-Series Processor
1. What does "H" stand for in Intel H-series processors?
A) High voltage
B) Hyper performance
C) High performance graphics
D) Hybrid core
✅ Answer: C
2. H-series processors are mostly found in:
A) Tablets
B) Smartwatches
C) Laptops
D) Desktops
✅ Answer: C
3. Which of the following is a high-performance laptop processor?
A) Intel Core i7-12700H
B) Intel Core i5-7200U
C) Ryzen 3 3200U
D) Pentium Gold
✅ Answer: A
4. H-series processors usually have:
A) Low power consumption
B) No GPU
C) High TDP and strong performance
D) No use in gaming
✅ Answer: C
5. AMD's Ryzen H-Series processors are used in:
A) Smart TVs
B) Office desktops
C) High-end laptops
D) Chromebooks
✅ Answer: C